Robert E Lees Civil War Battles

Robert E. Lee was the commander of the Army of Northern Virginia from 1862 to the Civil Wars end. In this role, he was arguably the most significant general of the Civil War. His ability to gain the most from his commanders and men allowed the Confederacy to maintain its defiance of the north against increasing odds. Lee was the principal commander in several Civil War battles. Battle of Cheat Mountain, September 12-15, 1861 This was the first battle where General Lee led Confederate troops in the Civil War, serving under Brigadier General Albert Rust. He fought against Brigadier General Joseph Reynolds entrenchments at the top of Cheat Mountain in western Virginia. Federal resistance was fierce, and Lee eventually called off the attack. He was recalled to Richmond on October 30, achieving few results in western Virginia. This was a Union victory. Battles of Seven Days, June 25-July 1, 1862 On June 1, 1862, Lee was given command of the Army of Northern Virginia. Between  June 25th to July 1st, 1862, he led his troops into seven battles, collectively called the Battles of Seven Days.   Oak Grove: The Union army attacked in a swampy area. When darkness descended, the Union army retreated. The results of this battle were inconclusive.Beaver Dam Creek or Mechanicsville: Robert E. Lee pushed against General McClellans right flank. The Union army was able to hold back the attackers with heavy casualties. However, the arrival of Stonewall Jacksons troops meant that the Union position was pushed back. Nonetheless, this was a Union victory.  Gaines  Mill: Lee led his troops against a fortified Union position north of the Chickahominy River. The Confederates were eventually able to push the Union soldiers back across the river, resulting in a Confederate victory.  Garnetts and Goldings Farms: Confederate Major General John B. Magruder under Lees command fought against the Union line that was stationed south of the Chickahominy River while Lee was fighting at Gaines Mill. The results of this fighting were inconclusive.  Savages Station and Allens Farm: Both these bat tles occurred on June 29, 1862, the fourth day of fighting during the Seven Days Battles. The Union was  retreating after deciding not to advance on Richmond. Robert E. Lee sent his forces after the Union troops,  and they met in battle. However, the results of both of these battles were inconclusive.Glendale/White Oak Swamp: These two battles occurred as the Union troops were retreating. Stonewall Jacksons troops were kept tied up in the battle at White Oak Swamp, while the rest of the army tried to stop the retreat at Glendale. In the end, the battle was inconclusive.  Malvern Hill: The Confederates under Lee tried unsuccessfully to attack the Unions fortified position on top of Malvern Hill. Confederate losses were high.  McClellan withdrew to the James River, ending the Peninsula Campaign. This was a Union victory. Second Battle of Bull Run, Manassas, August 25-27, 1862 The most decisive battle of the Northern Virginia Campaign, troops led by Lee, Jackson, and Longstreet were able to score a huge win for the Confederacy.   Battle of  South Mountain, September 14, 1862 This battle occurred as part of the Maryland Campaign. The Union army was able to take over Lees position on South Mountain. However, McClellan failed to pursue Lees devastated army on the 15th, which meant Lee had time to regroup at Sharpsburg.   Battle of Antietam, September 16-18, 1862 McClellan finally met with Lees troops on the 16th. The bloodiest day of battle during the Civil War occurred on September 17th. The Federal troops had a huge advantage in numbers, but  Lee continued to fight with all his forces. He was able to hold off the federal advance while his troops retreated across the Potomac to Virginia. The results were inconclusive, though strategically important for the Union army.   Battle of  Fredericksburg, December 11-15, 1862 Union Major General Ambrose Burnside tried to take Fredericksburg. The Confederates occupied the surrounding heights. They repelled numerous attacks. Burnside decided in the end to retreat. This was a Confederate victory.   Battle of Chancellorsville, April 30-May 6, 1863 Considered by many to be Lees greatest victory, he marched his troops to meet the federal troops who were trying to advance on the Confederate position. The Union force led by Major General Joseph Hooker decided to form a defense at Chancellorsville. Stonewall Jackson led his troops against the exposed Federal left flank, decisively crushing the enemy. In the end, the Union line broke and they retreated. Lee lost one of his most able generals when Jackson was killed by friendly fire. This was a Confederate victory. Battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863 In the Battle of Gettysburg, Lee attempted a full assault against the Union forces led by Major General George Meade. Fighting was fierce on both sides. However, the Union army was able to repulse the Confederates. This was a key Union victory. Battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864 The Battle of the Wilderness was the first of  General Ulysses S. Grants offensive into Northern Virginia during the Overland Campaign. Fighting was fierce,  but the results were inconclusive. Grant, however, did not retreat.   Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse, May 8-21, 1864 Grant and Meade tried to continue their march to Richmond in the Overland Campaign but were stopped at Spotsylvania Courthouse. Over the next two weeks, a number of battles occurred, resulting in 30,000 total casualties. The results were inconclusive, but Grant was able to continue his march to Richmond. Overland Campaign, May 31-June 12, 1864 The Union Army under Grant continued to make their advance in the Overland Campaign. They made headway to Cold Harbor. However, on June 2, both armies were on the field of battle stretching seven miles. Grant ordered an attack that resulted in a rout for his men. He eventually left the field of battle, choosing to approach Richmond through the less well-defended town of  Petersburg. This was a Confederate victory. Battle of  Deep Bottom, August 13-20, 1864 The Union Army crossed the James River at Deep Bottom to start threatening Richmond. They were unsuccessful, however, as Confederate counterattacks drove them out. They eventually retreated back to the other side of the James River. Battle of Appomattox Court House, April 9, 1865 General Robert E. Lee attempted at Appomattox Court House to escape the Union troops and head towards Lynchburg, where supplies were waiting. However, Union reinforcements made this impossible. Lee surrendered to Grant.

Law is an authoritative driver of human behavior that...

Law is an authoritative driver of human behavior that continues to become heavier through the years. America has been presented to imagine that law is the foundation of freedom, however the ever-changing cultural norms have altered this perspective. People do not confide in their own judgments, or anyone else’s for that matter, therefore society, has established policies and ideologies that let individuals escape their own responsibilities. Something can always be done differently, specifically, when using broader judgments on disputes against the standard norms. What people can sue for establishes boundaries set for the rest of society. In this paper, the case of question three will discuss how authors Howard and Rosenbaum would†¦show more content†¦When it comes to the case of Fred, the father, who assumed that Ella, the daughter, would wear her helmet and pads when skateboarding and failed to do so, then a possible correlation can exist between the shown above exam ple and the case. Meaning that, Fred and Ella assumed the risk both at separate times, but were aware of the consequences if negligent action was followed. However, what he did not acknowledge is the mere fact she may not assume the risk when using her skateboard. Whenever an individual appeals his right to sue, like Fred, it is like placing a cross in the face of Dracula, or the City and Bumpies: individuals just shrivel back in terror because nobody wants to be accused of violating someones rights (Howard, 2004). Howard would say that they have no right to sue, since they assumed the risk of possible injuries or harm when engaging in negligent behaviors. B. Rosenbaum would value moral over legal justice in this case. His sense of direction would shift towards those who come for relief, Fred the father, even though the law fails to support such a necessary moral right of those who have been harmed, and the right to testify to their own injury, like Ella (Nesteruk, 2006). This criti cal loss of freedom leaves the unresolved, Fred and Ella, emotional complexities of unjust harm. Rosenbaum sees the laws renewed and expanded moral role as aiming at the

Health Law and Regulations Paper Free Essays

Organizational Responsibility and Current Health Care Issues HCS/545 August 27, 2012 Charles Barron Organizational Responsibility and Current Health Care Issues Health care fraud and abuse is a current issue affecting everyone in the United States costing billions of dollars annually. This fraudulent crime is committed when dishonest consumers and providers submit false or misleading information to turn profit. It affects the United States by hampering the ability to provide affordable access health care and good quality of care to Americans. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Law and Regulations Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Affordable Care Act prevention resources and tools are working to stop fraud before it occurs. The purpose of this paper is to discuss a health news situation affecting the health care system and evaluate the effect of organizational structure and governance, culture, and social responsibility. Recommended resources to preventing this situation in the future and recommended changes in future prevention will be discussed. Health News Situation A 38 year old Miami Florida resident, Sandra Jimenez, admitted to participating in a Medicare fraud scheme affecting assisted living facilities, half way houses, and home health agencies. The fraud schemes were orchestrated by the owners and operators of American Therapeutic Corporation (ATC); its management company, Medlink Professional Management Group Inc. ; and the American Sleep Institute (ASI)† (Department of Justice, 2012, para. 2). In January 2012, Jimenez pleads guilty to counts of committing conspiracy of health care fraud an d frauding the United States in receiving illegal health care kickbacks. The various owners, doctors, managers, and therapists of ATC and Medlink were charged with health care kickbacks, money laundering, and fraud of millions of Medicare dollars. The Medicare fraud scheme resulted in the submission of more than $200 million in fraudulent claims to Medicare† (Department of Justice, 2012, para. 1). An example of the fraud committed by Jimenez and co-conspirators is submitting medically unnecessary services that were billed through Medicare and then laundered. Jimenez as a marketer solicited the beneficiaries and then paid the illegal kickbacks to assisted living facility owners in exchange for the beneficiaries. If convicted Jimenez and co-conspirators are facing maximum penalty prison time and fines. Corporate Structure and Governance, Culture, and Focus on Social Responsibility Social responsibility in the United States is to ensure organizations adhere to state, federal, and local laws, it ensures consumers and providers are held accountable. A sound corporate structure and governance ensures there is a standard of excellence, integrity, and accountability in all aspects of the organization. References Department of Justice. (2012). Miami-area resident pleads guilty to participating in $200 million medicare fraud scheme. Office of Public Affairs. Retrieved from http://www. justice. gov/opa/pr/2012/January/12-crm-063. html How to cite Health Law and Regulations Paper, Essays

Advertising Subtopic Review free essay sample

The major goal of the alcohol beverage industry is to sell alcohol, through advertising. In 2008 the alcohol beverage spent $1. 63 billion on their advertisement budget which is less than half of what one thinks’ of as advertising which the means are TV, magazines, newspapers, and outdoor billboards. Other forms of advertisements are termed â€Å"promotions† which include but not limited to: sponsorship of cultural, musical and sporting events, internet advertising, displays for retail stores, and product placements in movies and TV shows. The total promotion and advertising budget is over $4. billion which is virtually equivalent to what is spent on advertising other beverages from milk to fruit juice. The alcohol beverage industry especially targets the youth by using animation characters, product placement, and social media. The alcohol beverage industry uses animation characters such as the Budweiser frogs, new beverages for example wine coolers that were appealing to the younger people in the 1980’s. We will write a custom essay sample on Advertising Subtopic Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Product placement is carefully considered. Magazines and television shows reveals detailed information regarding viewers and readers that allows advertisers to target very specific populations. In response to lobbyists and the fear of government action, in 2003 the liquor and beer trade organizations joined the wine industry in adopting a â€Å"30% threshold† to guide the placement of beverage ads. This means they would not advertise where the underage audience exceeds 30%. The magazine ads decreased as the television ads increased. Also the 20 major brewers did not adopt this 30% policy. Since the social media is so popular among the under age drinkers, the alcohol beverage company has many advertisements and promotion on Facebook. The alcohol beverage industries have been encouraged to use free features on Facebook such as Facebook applications, events and pages. In the summer of 2009, there were 93 Facebook pages, with more than a million fans for the top-selling beer brands. The top ten selling liquor brands had three times that. One alcohol beverage company has created a special corporate position devoted to using Twitter and other social media to promote and another has decided to devote its entire advertising budget for one of its brands to digital sources. A report in 2003 reported that underage drinking represents 19. 2% of alcohol consumption out of the total 50. 52 billion drinks then consumed annually. One area of concern in the substance abuse field is the constant creation of beverages that appeal to younger people. Women, minority and developing countries are also a target for the alcohol beverage. The advertisements that include women are seen to be sexist and they portray men in the stereotypes of male behavior that contribute to sexual harassment. The alcohol beverage industry is also trying to maintain profits by increasing foreign sales even brewing companies are starting to brew overseas which raises an ethical question. It may seem to be a sort of a counterbalance of the alcohol industry’s efforts to have its product appear on television by promoting responsible drinking, but a young person would have to watch 22 ads for an alcoholic beverage before seeing a commercial promoting responsible drinking. (Jean Kinney 18-25) What inspired you to choose this topic? I was inspired to choose the topic of alcohol advertising because it is everywhere. There is not a day that goes by that I don’t see some type of alcohol advertisement from a billboard, a grocery store display of alcohol, or a television ad. I am amazed by the efforts of how the alcohol industry spends their money to attract new customers. When I look at some new alcoholic beverage that is introduced, I may say to myself,†Wow, that looks good, I wonder what that would taste like. † I don’t consider trying it because I am a recovering addict. It shows that there needs to be more regulation of the advertisements of alcoholic beverages. Also being a professional in the field of drugs and alcohol, the ways of coping with alcohol advertisement being everywhere needs to be addressed in a client/patient’s treatment plan. How will you apply this information when developing a treatment plan? I will apply all this information when developing a treatment plan by discussing and processing with my client how to cope with the environmental cues that may cause a trigger to pick up a drink. Since advertisement of alcohol is everywhere, my patient/or client needs to learn how to live a sober life without feeling they missed out on some new beverage that is being introduced. Also I may process and discuss with my client that if there is a particular place that they have bought their alcohol to avoid and shop elsewhere for their groceries. There is no way to escape the advertisement of alcohol unless one lives an isolated, sheltered life. I cannot expect any patient of mine to live like that, so they must learn to cope in the world without being triggered to drink by the clever promotional campaigns that the alcohol industry promotes there beverages to entice new drinkers or even for people to switch from their loyal brands or to encourage underage drinking.

Private Pension Plan Essays - Employment Compensation,

Private Pension Plan Private Pension System The Current Social Security system should be replaced by a mandatory Private Pension plan. There are different types of investment plans one could choose before or even after they retire. Social Security is what everyone depends on once they retire at 65. Some people may even need to work beyond the age of 65 due to the lack of money they receive from Social Security. With a Pension plan you are insured to receive the money you worked hard for and maybe even a little more, ?Most pension plans are insured, but some of the smaller pension plans are not covered.?(PBGC 1) One disadvantage about Social Security is that there is a limit on how much you can make each year, ?the maximum social security retirement benefits for a worker retiring at 65 is $1,536.?(SSA 1) If you collect over this amount of money you better be ready to pay the government back big time. Social Security and your Pension Plan come out of your check each week, but you get to decide where you want that Pension Plan to take you. Your Social Security goes right to the state for when you retire at 65. Both the Pension Plan and Social Security have age requirements, but both age requirements are the same. Which means if you retire before 65 half of your money will go to the government if you have it all in Social Security. Most Pension Plans will make you some money in the future for when you are ready to retire! C.Smith 2 You could invest your money into all different types of accounts for when you retire. There is the 401K plan, timeshares, mutual funds, Roth IRA, and Stocks. A good example of saving now would be, I have my own Pension Plan. I have what is called a Roth IRA. Which is, each year I put away $2,000 dollars in a special account for me when I retire. When I do retire I will have enough money to live comfortable and happy! A lot of people invest there Pension into a 401K plan, which is similar to the Roth IRA, ?Employees who participate in 401K plans assume responsibility for their retirement income by contributing part of their salary and, in many instances, by directing their own investments. In a 401K plan, your account balance will determine the amount of retirement income you will receive from the plan.? (PWBA 1) These are just some examples of the many investment plans there is to offer to the people of the country. I fell that it is morally wrong to take Social Security from the people of the country when who knows if there will even be any money for us there when we retire. At the rate this world is growing there might not be any money to collect in 40 years. And there went all our Social Security and how am I now suppose to live. If you place your money in a Private Pension Plan you can rely on that money to be there for when you retire and it may even gain interest. Pension Plans are better for the country because you can uphold your own personal retirement fund. The current Social Security system should be replaced by a mandatory Private Pension system because I feel that if we the people of the country don't stand up for our rights now, we will be working for the rest of our lives. Private Pension Plans will provide you with all you will need when you retire at 65. You will be worry free of C.Smith3 the aggravation of Social Security. Social Security and Private Pension Plans both have their advantages and disadvantages, but I feel that if the young people can start saving for their future now, it will be a better future for everybody! C.Smith 4 Works Cited Page ?Social Security Administration.? 25 November 2000(updated) http://ssa-custhelp.ssa.gov/cgi-bin/ssa/solution(30 October 2000) 1pg. ?Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration.? 20 November 2000(updated) http://www.dol.gov/dol/pwba/public/pubs/401kfe~1.htm(31 October 2000) 4pgs. ?Pension Benefits Guaranty Corporation.? 28 November 2000(updated) http://www.pngc.gov/publications/YGPTEXT.HTM#insured(1 Nov. 2000) 1pg. English Essays

Viet new years essays

Viet new years essays All around the world people celebrate the coming of a new year with traditions from their country. One of the most unforgettable days of the year according to my culture would be Tet. Tet is another name for the Vietnamese Lunar New Year. Tet is a celebration of a new beginning, and marks the start of the lunar calendar year. Tet is more important to my culture than Christmas and Thanksgiving combined. Although New Years is not all celebrated on the same day, many cultures, including the Americans, celebrate New Years with similar and different cultural traditions. Similarities and differences of my cultural New Years compared to the American New Years would be where it originated from, the way it is celebrated, and values it may hold. The Vietnamese New Years comes sometime between January 21 and February 19 according to the lunar calendar. It is known that my ancestors have celebrated this holiday for over 4000 years. There is little known about the origin of Tet except that it originated from China. The Vietnamese adapted to the Chinese culture because the two countries are next to each other. The origin of the Chinese New Years itself is centuries old, therefore it is too old to actually be traced. However, there are many myths about Tet in which my grandparents tell me related to the origination of Tet. In one myth, the monster, Nian, had the power to eat up all the people in a village in one big bite. People in the village were very scared of Nian but one day an old man came to rescue the village. The old man asked Nian, "I know you can eat people, but can you eat other beasts instead of people who are not worthy opponents? Nian then accepted the old man's challenge and ate the beasts that had hara ssed the villagers and their farm animals for years. At the end of the myth, Nian left and that day was remembered as New Years because the villagers celebrated a new be...

Favorite childhood memory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Favorite childhood memory - Essay Example They would come down to the shore at night with us and we would spend hours by the fire. I have eight cousins in all, and the beach was a loud place when we were there. The sea was our pool and we spent hours there. At least eight hours out of every day were spent at the beach. The men in the family would spend noon time at the beach bar where they had their time and fun with our moms while we kids would go down to the game area, coins in hand, for hours of fun and junk food and games. Our moms and dads came to get us at six p.m. sharp each night. My mom and dad would have me walk near and each of them would take one of my hands in theirs as we went back to our homes for our night time meal. We always rode in our own van where we all piled in atop each other and then head out to the Italian place where they swore they had the best food in town. That was until the next night. Then we did the same thing all over again. After the night meal we would leave the place and go out for a sweet end to the day at the local ice cream shop. I would oft order the ice cream I loved most, it was a waffle cone fruit dip. To this day, I still do not know what fruit dip that was. All that I knew was that it was the best ice cream I ever had. Since no one was tired yet, the beach was the last stop of the night. The adults would pick a corner at the food court and have their tea and talk, while we would grab hold of each other and get in line for the rides. The ride we liked most was the bump car, as we chased each other on the track and hit each other’s cars. We would go back to our mom and dad all tired, and we would want to eat and drink one more time. Then it was off to the hot dog stand for a hot dog for each child. We would eat and drink as we made our way back to the van for the trip home. I think my dad drove not fast all the time so that we would have more time as a group. That is why it took him an hour to pick them up for

Does Type A behaviour actually exist Assignment

Does Type A behaviour actually exist - Assignment Example It has also been asserted that subjects carrying the Type A behavior are hyperactive in their daily tasks. They are more aggressive, impatient, and competitive than Type B, if assigned with complicated or difficult tasks. Actually, Type As are ambitious or over ambitious than Type B in the psychological understanding. Looking forward to the Type A behavior, which is a cause of abnormalities (high impulse, aggression, hypertension), the researchers have tried to understand this behavior in the holistic manner. Comprehensive studies have been brought to understand of how Type A behavior affects a person’s life carrying it as a condition of psychological tension. Relevant research discussed (Empirical Evidence) The contemporary literature depicts that people with Type A behavior are undergone with both mental and physical health problems. Rosenman (1975) along with continued investigators assert that Type A behavior leads to catecholamine, cholesterol and high blood pressure (Gre gory, 2004, p.515). It is the environmental challenge and demand that results in larger reactions of the Type A people. On further, the empirical studies detail that ischemic heart disease in which there is low supply of blood to heart is caused by the Type A stress behavior. The study by David (2011) claims that persons with Type A are sensitive and they are partially instable than Type B when brought to life’s challenging situations (David, 2011). The study assessed the behavior of industrial employees working in an equivalent stress environment. It found that Type A employees are more emotionally strained than Type B who are calmed and relaxed at the time of work (David, 2011). The quantitative research by Chesney and Rosenman (1981) depicted that psychological behaviors of aggression, extroversion, or high impulsiveness are associated to Type A behavior which is the cause of all such behaviors (Chesney & Rosenman, 1981). Similarly, a meta-analysis review by Hinshaw (1987) associated anxiety, anger, depression and hostility to Type A behavior respectively (Hinshaw, 1987). Friedman and Rosenman (1974) categorized the 3000 healthy men in two groups; Type A and Type B. The investigators who were the starters of the research in the continuum of Type A depicted that Type A persons are vulnerable to stress, as where Type B are more easy going and relaxed people (Plotnik & Kouyoumdjian, 2010, p.496). The investigators’ study found that out of 3000 healthy men 257 died due to stress and CHA (Coronary Heart Disease) and they were specifically from the Type A group which associated to such stress function. This research by Friedman and Rosenman became the basis of research for behavioral specialists analyzing the continuum of Type A and its effects (Meyer & Rosenman, 1974). Background linked to the aims with reasons & some detail of method The literature analyzed so far has unfolded the fact that Type A persons are vulnerable to stress. They easily get stressed when brought to life’s challenging experience i.e. a critical task or an assessment. In the behavioral research it is asserted that there is a significant difference between Type A and Type B adaptations, actions and performances. Type As are aggressive, explosive and indulgent to stress as compare to Type B who are calmed and creative to complete their task or objective. This report is an investigation on how Type A behavior

Reasearch Methods r Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reasearch Methods r - Essay Example For questionnaires to result in the collection of accurate, large volumes of data, planning and developing an effective questionnaire is very essential. The survey carried out for the research project in hand may turn out to be useless if sufficient time and thought are not spent in questionnaire construction. Mistakes such as irrelevant questions, wrong wording of questions, bad format, biased questions etc. can destroy the purpose to be accomplished. Therefore, whenever we are using questionnaires as a method to collect data for our research projects, we must ensure that we have developed an effective questionnaire that meets all the needs of our project and would ultimately result in the gathering of all intended information we seek to obtain. Only then can we proceed ahead with the distribution of the questionnaires and finally the tabulation and reporting of results. Developing a good questionnaire is not an easy task and requires significant skills. A specific procedure is to be followed when developing one. Before you start with anything, you first need to determine exactly what problem or need you are trying to address through this research project and how it will be done using the information obtained from the questionnaires This will help you develop relevant questions that in turn help you to obtain accurate information. Then you need to determine your audience, i.e., from whom you need to obtain the required data and also How If your audience is very large, it is better to first give out the questionnaires to a smaller randomly selected group to ensure that the questionnaire is achieving the purpose for which it is developed. Next, you need to decide on the format of your questionnaire. Would you use a free format or a fixed format questionnaire These types are discussed in the later section. Usually, a combination of these two is used. H aving decided upon the format, the next task is to write the questions. As you write them, check them for any construction errors. Also ensure that they are properly worded and do not result in any misinterpretations on the respondents part. The questions should also be free of any personal bias. It is also important to identify yourself at the beginning. Moreover, questions framed should arouse the respondents' interest. Care should also be taken to ensure that you slowly move from general to more specific questions. Specific questions should not be asked directly. If any mistakes are found, edit the questions. Types of Questionnaires: Questionnaires can broadly be classified into fixed format and free format questionnaires. A fixed format questionnaire is one that contains questions that require the respondent to only select from the choices already provided. In other words, it provides little freedom to the respondent and uses closed ended questions. In contrast, a free format questionnaire provides a lot of latitude to the respondent by allowing the respondent to write the answer in his own words rather than merely selecting it. It makes use of open ended questions. Types of Questions: As mentioned above, there are two main types of questions: closed ended or open ended.2 Closed ended questions are those that restrict the user by providing him with options to choose from. Example: Do you smoke Yes No In contrast, open ended questi

Risk Management Plan For A Bakery Business Management Essay

Risk Management Plan For A Bakery Business Management Essay After Graduation I want to pursue my career as a Bakery Business Entrepreneur. Food is one of the basic essentials of life therefore a proper industrial bakery channel is likely to yield high profits. The business has great potential for expansion as by starting off with a small industry I can make retail and wholesale stores. How dubious the economic situation may be this business generally keeps on moving if quality standards are maintained. My bakery will offer all sorts of breads, muffins, pastries, cakes etc. with special attention for catering to the needs of gluten allergy sufferers. Before starting my own business Ill survey present bakeries operating in the country, analyze the success rate of the most valued existing franchises and then hire professional bakers on the basis of merit. Risk Management Plan: A successful risk management initiative should be proportionate to the level of risk in the organization (as related to the size, nature and complexity of the organization), aligned with other corporate activities, comprehensive in its scope, embedded into routine activities and dynamic by being responsive to changing circumstances (IRM, 2010). Following is the brief description of risk management plan that Ill adopt once my business swings into action. My plan will begin with the process of risk assessment that aims to make employers more apt for taking the right action in terms of improving workplace production, safety, health, etc. therefore let us discuss the major risks associated with the development of a baking industry. Property Risks that could arise from ownership or renting: Normally all entrepreneurs suffer three kinds of losses: the property loss which could be direct or indirect, the liability loss and income loss concerned with employees unforeseen predicaments. Direct property loss may occur due to calamities like fire, thunderstorm, theft etc. In bakeries equipment and surroundings is often at risk of catching fire. In case of catastrophe, specialized waste management firms might be contacted to clear the debris and the firm would have to continue daily activities in a temporary accommodation. Companys statistical records would be saved elsewhere to avoid major losses. Indirect property losses may result in renovation of the damaged property e.g. the factory in baked items are made, paying transport vans rentals after the vehicle was stolen etc. In order to avoid such issues my businesss property would be properly insured so that any loss from unforeseen events could be compensated. An insurance agent will provide checklists to help identify total property loss. All information regarding site ownership and purchased price documents would be kept handy (Dorfman, 1998, p. 68). Liability Risks: Liability insurance is one of the most important steps while launching a business that is often overlooked. Product liability occurs when a firms products allegedly injure the public. Environmental impairment liability arises from violating federal or state statutes designed to protect the environment, or from lawsuits from parties claiming injury caused by a firms improper handling of toxic substances(Dorfman, 1998, p.51). As the chief owner my business will include employers liability, public liability, stock, building, vans and money insurance. Product liability and other quality related issues will require the services of an attorney to make sure that the procedures are standardized, this will surely put up extra cost but it is worth all the effort as a little mistake is likely to destabilize business. Proper insurance of the bakery business is essential. To get my bakery franchise legalized, Ill have to abide by government regulations like obtaining a bakery license regulated by the state. E.g. In California Bakery Licences are issued by the Department of Alcoholic Beverages. In order to avoid any risks Ill obtain a business license LLC and a Tax i.d. number. A Foot Handler permit would be needed by employees of the bakery. Another essential step is the hygiene factor. From raw material till the transportation of bakery items special care is needed. For food safety management, government has launched specific standards like the Food Legislation (Local and EU legislation), GMP that stands for Good Manufacturing Practices, Good Hygiene Practices (GHP). The quality of bakery items should be in accordance with the Quality management international system like the ISO 9001, ISO 22000, BRC and others (Ehavald, 2009). Auto Risks: Auto insurance compensates the financial losses if the vehicle undergoes an accident while in business use e.g. while transporting of bakery products. My bakery business would be auto risk insured before hand. Insurance company will provide property, medical and liability finance in case of auto risk occurrence. Property financing would be given in case the transport vehicle is stolen by theft. Liability coverage compensates the damage done to others as a legal responsibility. Medical expenses will be paid for the funeral, lost salary or injury treatments of employees who suffered in the accident. The agreement with the insurance company includes specified regular payments made by the employer (Dorfman, 1998, p.272). OSHA concerns: OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Act) is a federal law brought into action in 1970. Its main aim was to ensure a safe working environment for the employees. OSHA creates two duties for employers. One is to remove all recognized hazards from the work environment. The second is to comply with the standards for a safe working environment as published in the Bulletin from The Department of Labor(Dorfman, 1998, p.272). OSHA inspectors take on-site reviews and in case of violation heavy fines are charged to the employer. In order to manage this risk my business manager will keep a detailed record of any occupational hazards that resulted in severe injury or death of an employ. Lessons will be learnt to avoid future incidents. For new workers training will be provided for using potential risk equipment with care like sharp knives and electrical machinery. Harassment Issues: Harassment encompasses hostile work environment or sexual harassment. US Department of Labor revealed that over 16,000 cases of harassment are reported each year. Claims can be created by men, women, co-workers, managers, customers, owners, vendors and others(Dorfman, 1998, p.126). My business will be an equal opportunity for both genders. Any kind of harassment reported to the authorities would be dealt with severe penalties for future concerns. In every department whether its sales or production, women will be allowed to work on the basis of merit. Age Discrimination: The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) protects certain applicants and employees 40 years of age and older from discrimination on the basis of age in hiring, promotion, discharge, compensation, or terms, conditions or privileges of employment. The ADEA is enforced by the  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) (Solis, Hilda L, 2010). Civil Rights Act of 1964  prohibits discrimination in hiring, promotion, discharge, pay, fringe benefits, job training, classification, referral, and other aspects of employment, on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. This law is also implemented by the  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) (Solis, Hilda L, 2010). Keeping in view the existing laws, retirement age in my business firm would be sixty. Young skilled employees will be welcomed to join the team. Discrimination due to disability: Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits employers of 15 or more workers, employment agencies, and labor organizations of 15 or more workers from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities (Solis, Hilda L, 2010). Group Disability Income Insurance: Compensation is to be granted if an employee is disabled by a work related accident. Although workers compensation benefits are rarely adequate, they do ensure economic security for the workers family (Dorfman, 1998, p.501). Long term disability benefits will be insured and remain applicable until a specified age of 60. As Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits state and local governments from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities in programs, activities, and services therefore employees with mobility or speech impairments could be adjusted in dealing with the technological affairs like managing websites or dealing with the customers on telephone. The report on European Agency for safety at work states that the physical working environment should suit the employees with disabilities. In addition to the above mentioned OSH Legislations my working conditions would take into account that flooring, stairways should be slip resistant. Ergonomic Principles will be kept in mind while designing the business firm (Amelie Buffet Marie Priha Eero, 2009, p.24). Employer/Employee Issue: Keeping in mind the importance of human capital, my business will involve a well organized workforce. Suggestions would be accepted from the workers regarding quality improvement and managing teamwork. All employees must be trained yearly. Work shops or seminars would be arranged from time to time to keep the bakery updated with the latest technology for baking. Benefits for the Personnel: The personnel policies of the firm would be made keeping in mind the state laws governing in the present scenario. Health insurance would be provided to all workers as part of the employee benefit plan. A baker working by the hour can make anywhere from $8 to $14 per hour on average with an annual salary ranging from $15,000 to $20,000 each year. A baker can require higher pay depending on education, experience and geographical location (Ehavald, 2009). Before my bakery will set into operation, Ill be having six months period of operating costs setback. During that time due to sudden immense expenditure being spent on security deposits and construction, advertising, permits and licenses as well as startup inventory I might not be able to give extra facilities to my employees but after that trial period, once the business is off and running, all remuneration issues will be finalized to keep my employees motivated. How to handle personal issues: Employment practices liability describes the loss potential arising from lawsuits from employees alleging wrongful hiring, promotion, demotion, termination and sexual harassment (Dorfman, 1998, p.51). Hiring an Employee: My business firm will gather in advance as much information about the applicants as possible in order to reduce the risk of negligent hiring. Federal and state anti discrimination laws will be kept in mind during the hiring process. After selecting an employee through proper channel of employment applications he would be assigned work tasks within the firm. Terminating an Employee: It may happen that the selected employee does not come up to the companys expectations. Liabilities involved in terminating an employee might mean invading the companys privacy, reputational risks are also involved. Therefore performance appraisals during job hours and an exit evaluation form offered by the firm would answer the reason for termination of the employee that would be in accordance to the current state laws to avoid any hindrance in the business flow (Amelie Buffet Marie Priha Eero, 2009). Dealing with Fraud: The firm will have a clear contingency plan for fraud. The responsible employee would be held accountable to compensate his misconduct or in severe case he might even be expelled from the job (Sadgrove, 2005, p.266). External reporting to stake holders: External reporting should provide useful information to stakeholders on the status of risk management and the actions that are being taken to ensure continuous improvement in performance. Firms need to report to its stakeholders on a regular basis, setting out its risk management policies and the effectiveness in achieving its objectives. Increasingly, stakeholders look to organisations to provide evidence of appropriate corporate behaviour in such areas as community affairs, human rights, employment practices, health and safety, and the environment(IRM, 2010). Identifying the risks factors beforehand will help to prevent crisis. The business firm will develop polices to handle risk situations and managers will be appointed in each department to monitor the major risk areas. Quality would be a major detriment in the success of my firm. I hope that once this risk management plan is activated risk losses will reduce to a minimum and profitability is forecasted to occur within a couple of months. Work cited: Amelie Buffet Marie Priha Eero(2009) Workforce Diversity and Risk Assessment: Ensuring everyone is covered. Retrieved at: http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/TE7809894ENC Dorfman Mark S(1998).Introduction to Risk Management and Insurance 6th Edition. Prentice Hall. Ehavald Helen (2009) Food Safety Risk Management In Bakeries. 3rd SaFoodnet seminar. Retrieved at: http://newananas.vtt.fi/virtual/safoodnet/tallinn/15ehavald.pdf. Sadgrove Kit (2005) The complete guide to business risk management 2nd edition. Gower Publishing.Ltd. Solis Hilda L (2010).United States Department of Labour. Retrieved at: http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/discrimination/agedisc.htm. A structured approach to enterprise risk management (ERM) and the requirements of ISO 31000 (2010). Retrieved at: http://www.theirm.org/documents/SARM_FINAL.pdf. How to start a bakery business. Insights to getting started (2010). Retrieved at: http://www.atouchofbusiness.com/tips/ideas/BakeryBusiness-0015.html

The Riddle Of The Sphinx :: essays research papers

The Riddle of the Sphinx The study of myths probably began in the 4th century. BC. when Euthemerus explained them as exaggerated adventures of historical individuals. The allegorical interpretation of myths , stemming from the 18th century study , says that at one time myths were invented by wise men to point out a truth, but after a time myths were taken literally. The linguistic corruption interpretation says that myths could be understood as allegory for events found in nature. The Jungians school denoted myths as a mechanism of wish fulfillment. Sir James Frazer, believed that all myths were originally connected with the idea of fertility in nature, with birth, death, and resurrection of vegetation as a constantly recurring motif. Though the modern interpretation of myths is not general but a specific explanation for myths of a single people. The theological interpretation states that myths are foreshadowings of facts of the Scripture or corruptions of them. This view, which is not contemporarily popular, is surprisingly enlightening when attention is paid to the meaning of names of characters and places in relation to Biblical stories. Even recent fairy tales which fall into the category of myth, often reveal through metaphor more truth in scripture than one would anticipate. The most relevant and necessary topic for the understanding of the imagery and symbolism of myth is found in the framework of the celestial zodiac. The pictures found today in the zodiac were not developed by the Greeks, but were in place perhaps as early as 4000 B.C. predating even the civilizations of Sumaria. The pictures were not arranged in haphazard order to aid in the tracking of the star movements but with order and purpose of depicting an epic narrative. This understanding of the zodiac reveals an intelligence and scientific understanding that was corrupted through time . The symbolism which remains can be analyzed to reveal the basic truth behind it. The story of the sphinx is an excellent example of the zodiac / myth connection. The sphinx a composite creature with the head of a woman or man and the body of a lion was associated with the guarding of sacred sites of antiquity. It represented the whole of the narrative of the zodiac, with the head of a woman, Virgo the beginning of the celestial cycle and the body of a lion, Leo,the end of the cycle. In fact, the actual design for what scripture calls a cherub is in actuality,a sphinx. The angels were beings whose sole purpose was to reflect the will and the glory of the God who created them.

Ipad vs. Galaxy Tablet

When you want to surf the Internet, what gadgets do you most commonly use: laptop computers, smart phones, or cell phones? Nowadays, many people have smart phones and laptops. However, we now also have access to tablets. So now we will compare two of the newest most commonly used tablets. One is the new iPad, manufactures by Apple, and the other is the Galaxy tablet note 10. 1, by Samsung. The tablets are quite expensive, the iPad is however priced at $629 and the galaxy note is $499. Both are high-resolution tablets.One can get normal usage out of the two if the batteries are fully charged. The main difference lies in the operating software and various other features, one being iOS whereas the latter is android. First of all we will examine the size. The new iPad is 9. 50 inches high and 7. 31 inches wide. On the other hand, the Galaxy note is 10. 3 inches high and 7. 1 inches wide. Hence, the Galaxy note is a bit bigger than the iPad. These sizes are almost half of a laptop. But th e depths of the tablet are very different from a laptop.Galaxy note is a little thinner than the iPad. Moreover, there are great differences in their connections; the Galaxy note has a USB port whereas the iPad does not. The iPad supports 3G Internet, 4G Internet and Wi-Fi Internet, none of which are supported by the Galaxy note. Another important aspect of the two is their respective weights. The new iPad is 1. 44 pounds whereas the Galaxy note is 1. 31 pounds. These are like 20 oz. plastic bottles of water. This makes the iPad a little heavier than the Galaxy note.It is a small difference but it plays a big role because tablets are used frequently and are very useful. They are supposed to be portable for daily use and flexible usage. Finally, we will focus on their prices and critique some reviews. Both these devices have a rating of 4. 5. However, the Galaxy note is priced at a reasonable rate and is more affordable. According to phonearena. com â€Å"From a distance, the two lo ok similar to one another, but once we’re able to grasp both in our hands, the new iPad is able to deliver the impactful wow factor thanks to its premium feel.Well, it’s not to say that the Samsung Galaxy Tab 10. 1 isn’t a bad looker, especially when it’s the lighter and slightly thinner tablet, but its all-plastic body doesn’t have the allure to match the impeccable industrial design of the iPad. † After analyzing all these facts I would say that the iPad is any day better because of its superior features and premium construction. However, it’s a person choice which one they prefer to use as the Galaxy is no far behind in the market either.It all depends on the person’s comfort level and personal choice. In conclusion, As per my personal opinion I would choose the iPad first but since it’s a little more expensive I would be inclined to choose the Galaxy note. We have to consider company value and accessories when choosin g a new gadget. We should also check out reviews on amazon. com and other ‘technology geeks’ websites to have a better understanding of what we are spending our money on.

Jean Paul Gaultier Le Male advertisement Essays

Jean Paul Gaultier Le Male advertisement Essays Jean Paul Gaultier Le Male advertisement Paper Jean Paul Gaultier Le Male advertisement Paper I found this image in the very popular Mens Health magazine and it is an advertisement for a perfume Le Male by Jean Paul Gaultier. The image has many connotations to the society we live in and is distinctly distinguishable from similar advertisements from the past. The man in the image we can see has a lean hardened body unlike the 80s macho man image of the likes of Arnold Shwarznegger and Sylvester Stallone which were just brute muscle mass. The man still has some machoness about him mainly stemming from the stare that he is giving the camera. The unimpressed stare which oozes confidence and stature masculinity is however directly opposed by some of the feminine or homosexual connotations that the image signifies. Another sign showing the machoness of the man is the crossed hands signifieng the man is closed off and protecting himself. The kink in the mans neck is a perfect example of the femmeninity that opposes the hardened (erect) body and portrays a more flaccid standing signifieng the homosexual idea that gay men always have flaccid wrists. The sailor cap worn by the man is directly signifying the mans possible homosexuality. Where as in the past a sailor was regarded as a tough manly soldier who was nobly defending ones country these days due to the Village People and the constant news reports of weird initiation ceremonys with sexual connotations on battleships and the fact that the sailors would be out in sea with no contact with females for some time with undeniable sexual urges and frustrations points to the fact that the man might be gay. This is also backed up by the effeminate tattoos which cover the mans upper bosy. Tattoos such as doves, flowers, butterflys are generally seen as images that would drape the body of a woman and not a tough sailor which generally we would excpect tattoos of anchors etc.. ala Popeye. The flower tattoos around the mans nipple are also indictive of this as the nipple is an erotic zone linked to women and not straight men. The (possibly) waxed chest of the man and such thing as his manicured fingernails, plucked eyebrows connoite societys shift from the mach men of yester year to the metrosexual phenomenon of the late 90s and early Y2K. The advent of the metrosexual which is a man who takes pride in his appearance so much so that designer clothes are a msut have, shopping is no longer a choir, skin and hair products are no longer just reserved for women , has been very evident. Thanks to the likes of David Beckham whos hairstyles whilst at first were probably laughed at but now are being imitated by most urban men, Ian Thorpe who has gone so far as to start his own fashion label, a fashion label started by a swimmer? Couldnt have guessed that 10 years ago. Television shows such as Queer Eye for the Straight guy who portray straight men as slobs who take no pride in their appearance and have no idea about what is fashionable and must be shown the light by gay men also helps us understand the reasons why homosexual connotations have been used to help sell this perfume, because after all of a gay man tells us that its fashionable then it must be, right? Finally we can see that the name of the perfume is Le Male indicating that it is the essence of man. That man being the metrosexual, homosexual man of todays society which is the fashionable thing to be .

Examining The Dimensional View Of Pictures Theology Religion Essays

Examining The Dimensional View Of Pictures Theology Religion Essays Examining The Dimensional View Of Pictures Theology Religion Essay Examining The Dimensional View Of Pictures Theology Religion Essay we will be able to see it from a different visible radiation other than a chilling animal. The bookwus is portion of the Hamatsa ceremonial, but his function has deteriorated over clip. The bookwus s face is portrayed with a barbarian character and this is of high kernel that it is portrayed this manner. The bookwus might non be simply a wild animal that eats submerging psyches and brings them back to life in the winter for the dance season, but may be something more if we look at him in comparing to the other masks of the hamatsa. The bookwus s abandon appears to be similar to that of a immature young person who is being initiated into going a priest-doctor. A priest-doctor is a individual who tries to pass on with the religious universe. Thus one can deduce bookwus function in the hamatsa to be that of a priest-doctor as he is the who has control over the dead psyches. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.kenney-mencher.com/pic_old/fertile_crescent_egypt/narmer_front_3150_3125BCE.jpg formal analysis Is the analysis of a work by discoursing its signifier such as its medium, form, lines, visible radiation, colour, texture and composing. 11 ) Name the rubric, day of the month, civilization and state of beginning of this work. Title: Victory Palette of Narmer besides called Palette of King Narmer Date: 3100-3000 BCE Culture: Egyptian State of Beginning: Hierakonpolis, Upper Egypt 12 ) In your ain words, do a brief formal analysis of this work based on what you see. ( You should compose at least a full paragraph perchance longer to reply this inquiry. ) The pallet is carved in rock as the medium and it represents the triumphs of King Narmer [ Menes ] . We observe two caputs in the really upper part of the rock, carved elaborately with horns. It is inferred that these caputs represent the goddess Hathor. The male monarch seems to hold been finely carved and we observe a sense of 3D position and deepness in the Mace the male monarch is keeping and the male monarch himself. The techniques used to supply 3-dimensional position in this work is called alleviation where some parts of the picture undertaking out of the plane of the medium. The male monarch seems to be catching his captive by the cap, ready to nail him into pieces with his Mace. Under the male monarch, we already observe two prisoners, carved with great item. These prisoners both appear to be already slain by the King. We observe a bird keeping up a caput and inspecting the beheaded organic structure. The bird seems to stand for the temple of Horus. We besides observe the sa ndal carrier, who is non given much prominence. The male monarch seems to be the one ruling the rock carving proposing that he is all-in-all supreme leader. The medium used is hydrostone, while the types of forms that seem to be used in the figures consist of square forms and the figures are made to stand for existent worlds. Contour lines are used to stand for the curvatures of the male monarch, the bird, and the prisoners. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.kenney-mencher.com/pic_old/fertile_crescent_egypt/babylonian_code_of_hammurabi_fr_susa_1780BCE_full.jpg contextual analysis Is the analysis of a work by discoursing its history, civilization, environment, and or background. 13 ) Name the rubric, day of the month, civilization and state of beginning of this work. Title: Stele of Hammurabi Date: 1780 BCE Culture: Babylonian State of Beginning: Mesopotamia 14 ) Do a contextual analysis of the above object. ( You should compose at least a full paragraph perchance longer to reply this inquiry. ) The Stele of Hammurabi is carved out of glistening black basalt. It displays the codification of Torahs of Hammurabi of Babylon. It was created in 1780 BCE, and rediscovered in 1901. We observe on the upper part the Sun God Shamash and Hammurabi, and the handing of a rod like object from Hammurabi to the Sun God. The codifications of Hammurabi represent the ancient Torahs of the Babylonian civilization. There are 282 Torahs in all that govern the Babylonian life and unite them. The text is known as cuneiform text. The stele was used to do certain people were treated the same manner under the set of Torahs. The stele represents one of Hammurabi s major accomplishments as a male monarch uniting all people under a set of Torahs that dealt with both belongings and commercialism. Hammurabi wished that the wealthy and aggressive did non keep back the others and that justness was served for one and all. As we observe from the stele, the Sun God has an eight-pointed Crown. This signifies that he is godly. The rod that he seems to be passing over is a symbol of upholding justness under the Sun God s counsel. The elamite encroachers took over this construction when they invaded Babylon in the twelfth century BCE.

Functions of Input Controls Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Functions of Input Controls - Assignment Example The main significance of these controls is that they are easy to manage: with input controls, database administrators are required to possess only specific skills to manage the outsourced data. The minimum knowledge of database administrators allows for flexibility, especially in the evolving nature of computer technology; higher turnover of employees; and outsourcing of data input (Lee, Chen, & Ilie, 2012). In light of these reasons, it behoves system administrators to make the system free from unnecessary data as much as possible by going the input control way. Types of input controls File input controls allow users to attach specific documents from the personal computer; for example, an outsourced data-entry may be achieved by enabling the user to select and upload copies of his or her personal documents during application for a job. Such documents may include; curriculum vitae, passport size photo etcetera. File input controls often support different file formats such as .doc, .jpeg, and .pdf, among others. A checkbox is a small box that enables end-users to check or uncheck predefined options by ticking the values they want by clicking the mouse (Lee, Chen, & Ilie, 2012). A checkbox allows the user to send the value that is attached to it, as the right choice. Radio buttons are selected by a mouse click on the widget, or by striking a keyboard shortcut to this effect, in which case, the checked button relays the value to the database, when the form is submitted. Submit input control enables users to send the correct form after filling an HTML form of structure d query variables. In most cases, a â€Å"submit† button is found at the end of the query variables, and usually after the use of the other input controls. Transcription errors Input controls are very important in data-entry because they limit data entry integrity errors. Failure to use input controls could open a floodgate to transcription errors. A transcription error is a particular type of data entry error that is usually made by end-users (Murray, & Haubl, 2011). Human transcription errors are usually caused by typographical faults: that is, typing incorrect characters during touch typing. Input controls, oftentimes limit data transcription errors resulting from improper entries; for example, the typing of â€Å"1th,† rather than â€Å"1st† in outsourced data-entry. In this case, datetime input control or number input control, would easily eliminate the chances of the transcription error and eases the work of database administrators, sorting and checking th e data for any inconsistency. Advantages and disadvantages of restricting user interfaces The rapid development of new technologies in the twenty-first century has resulted in the growth of human-machine interactions. Tech-savvy developers are usually guilty of creating user interfaces that are largely restricted and difficult to comprehend and use, assuming that machine operators can think and use them as they do (Hearst, 2011). They are usually quite ignorant of the extent of prior understanding of the user, which according to them seems to be easily discerned on the monitor, and are incapable of being aware of the needs of users, who do not have enough technological knowhow. This is often compounded by the lack of incorporating the user contributions or the lack of human

Business Disaster Recovery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Disaster Recovery - Essay Example The topic of the research has also been recognized by the researchers and social scientist as an important issue for the business so there was lot of literature present at different resources around the topic that cover the topic from different aspects. In this situation it was one of the major concerns to select and review the material that is not only relevant but also useful for the dissertation. Having too much choices in front often creates confusions and a big worry was to overcome this confusion that what to take for the review and what not. In the same way the selection of the company for the case study was also not a simple decision because there are many company that have faced disasters at some time and they have also make their plans for the recovery. Some of them were successful in restoring their losses and some of them were failed so it was a difficult decision to select the company. Moreover it was decided to conduct an in-depth interview of personnel of the selected company so there were also concerns about the matter that weather any of the personnel will allow due time for interview and weather the results or findings of the interviews will be fruitful for the research or not. The present work is done while utilizing all the best possible sources and abilities and if there is another chance got to do the same work again then there much be review of the work previously done to find out the mistakes and flaws so that in the next attempt all the flaws can be removed.

Video review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Video review - Essay Example This is a goal that will take me many years to accomplish, but I know that I can do it. I also know that I want to work in a way that will allow me to travel more than I can right now. Traveling the world is something that really is appealing to me. I already speak a few languages and hope to develop this skill through more travel. There is a lot of pleasure to be had in traveling, but I believe that there is even more to be had in living and being immersed in a different culture. I hope to use my PhD in a way that will allow me to travel and live abroad for extended periods of time. I know that it sounds as though these two goals are only professional goals, but my profession is a huge part of my life. I want to have a life defined by accomplishing these two goals. Exercise #2 I have felt like some of the students featured in this video. I can still remember being in classes where the way the teacher addressed various students was very demeaning. He seemed to feel that unless you fi t into a very narrow definition of what a good student was, and then he had not time for you. I have been made to feel inferior because of my ethnicity and because of my gender. I know that traditional biases have been against women and minorities, but the biases do not end there in the classroom. I have witnessed white, male students demeaned in history classes because of the history of colonialism of the European powers. I remember thinking to myself, â€Å"Why is this professor treating this guy so badly, just because he is a male of European descent?† I mean, it isn’t like he personally owned slaves or colonized Africa. Having seen and been the subject of biased treatment from professors has made me determined to never treat my students this way. While watching the video, it occurred to me that much of the cultural bias displayed was generated from a desire to be in control and to be powerful. There is no better way to keep power than to convince everyone else that they are somehow inferior to you. I want to have a community of learners in my classroom, not a situation where I need to tear others down just to prove my superiority in some way. Exercise #3 In my class, all students will be honored. I recognize that we are all adults in this course and we all are here to better ourselves in one way or another. Most of us are here on our own accord, so we deserve to have a meaningful educational experience free from sarcasm, bias or harassment of any sort. As a result, I believe that the following guidelines need to apply in this classroom. The first guideline concerns student comments. There are a variety of ways individuals from various cultures express themselves orally. In this class, everyone will be expected to only offer encouraging and academically appropriate comments. This does not mean we can never disagree or think critically. It means that we need to keep our communication focused on what was said and not how it was said. The second guideline concerns student learning. Everyone learns differently. One person may feel that a project or research assignment is a great opportunity to learn, while another views it as drudgery. I would like you to keep an open mind about the assignments in the course, saving criticism for the assignments and not directing it at other group members or myself. By doing this, you ensure everyone can learn in the manner that is most fitting for their individual learning style. Finally, I need to

Social Responsibility and Timberland Essay Example for Free

Social Responsibility and Timberland Essay How would you characterize Timberlands exercise of its corporate power in society? Timberland uses its corporate power in society not only to make a profit, but to help others. It is a rarity for a company to go as far as Timberland has gone to make a huge difference in society. Whether participating in its City Year to Service program that serves its communities; or becoming carbon neutral, Timberland has paved the way and reflects a company that not only cares about its communities, but also cares about the environment. I would characterize Timberland’s exercise of its corporate power in society as â€Å"Corporate Social Responsibility†. That is, timberland is being socially responsible towards society and it is acting in a way that enhances society. By exercising its power, Timberland is practicing the â€Å"iron law of responsibility† which says that in the long run, those who do not use power in ways that society considers responsible will tend to lose it. Moreover, by acting in the general public interest, Timberland is following the â€Å"Stewardship Principle† Yes, Timberland is engaging multiple stakeholders in its business operations, starting from Timberland’s management (CEO- Jeff Swartz) who is has managerial duties at Timberland and he is personally involved in the social activities sponsored by Timberland. Timberland’s employees are main stakeholders who in addition to their job tasks at Timberland are participating voluntarily in its social activities. The community service organization (City Year) is another stakeholder which is supported financially by Timberland. Non-profit organizations which benefit from the grants Timberland makes annually are also stakeholders for the company. Other communities and society members who benefit from Timberland’s community services activities are another set of stakeholders to Timberland. Q2) Has Timberland balanced its economic and social responsibilities through its various programs, such the Path to Service program and sustainability goals? Are the company’s programs examples of enlightened self-interest?

Civilization Cure Or Disease :: essays research papers

Upon flipping to the business section of the New York Times an Ohio University student saw a startling headline glaring back at her â€Å"American Corporations Suspected In Millions of Third World Deaths.† As she read the article it became apparent that international corporations many of which were based in the United States exploit the poorest of the poor. These companies paid workers extremely low wages and exposed them to hazardous materials with out any protection. Working conditions were unsafe and often lead to health problems. It appeared that slavery was alive and well in the name of â€Å"Global Industrialization.† Even more shocking was the fact that this new form of slavery was also present within our own borders. Migrant workers and illegal aliens were becoming an increasing percentage of America’s labor force. These workers were paid well below minimum wage for jobs, which often put their health if not their life in jeopardy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It appeared that America’s industrial empire was built upon the exploitation of the poor throughout the world. Often women and children were the victims of the â€Å"Global Market Economy.† The article stated that millions of goods were produced by children as young as 6 in third world and developing nations. Companies producing these goods claimed that it was not â€Å"slave labor† they claimed it was the â€Å"efficient use of human resources for production.† It seemed that companies in their desire of â€Å"progress† and profit were oppressing the world’s poorest nations and their citizens. This is not a new phenomenon it has gone on through history; the strong oppress the weak. What is amazing though is the fact that industrialized nations all consider themselves to be the most civilized societies in the world. Industrial powers view less developed nations as backwards which is a synonym for barbarous. But are the societies of industrially advanced nations truly the most civil? This is the question Montaigne raised over 400 years ago in his paper entitled â€Å"Of Cannibals.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout history it seems that the most technologically advanced societies are the most powerful. And the most powerful nations view themselves as the most civilized people in the world. But what exactly are the defining attributes of a civilized society? According to Webster’s Third International Dictionary a civilization is: an ideal state of human culture, characterized by complete absence of barbarism and non-rational behavior, optimum utilization of physical, cultural, spiritual, and human resources, and perfect adjustment of the individual within the social framework.

Solar Energy Essay -- essays research papers

Solar Energy Solar energy is the most ancient kind of energy found on earth, for it is as old as the sun. "Solar" means from the sun. The earth is only one of the many planets which is bathed in the sun's overflowing energy. Every second the world receives 95.8 trillion watts of power†¦just think about that for a minute. Think about how much power the earth just received in the time it took you to read this sentence? It is well beyond the amount of power used in one day. It has the potential to satisfy all our energy needs forever without ever having to use the pollutive fossil fuels ever again. "The problem however, does not lie in the limited source, as do fossil fuels, but in harnessing it." Every day solar energy is being used all around us. In fact, it is the indirect source of all energy and life on earth. Hopefully, with continued research, we will be in a place one day where we can directly rely on the sun for all our energy needs, and never have to use pollu tive fossil fuels, or nuclear power ever again (Cross 124). It is hard to say when solar energy was first used by humans to make life easier. As far as we know, people have always used the sun's visible range of light to see by, as well as to sit in the sun to keep warm. "Some of the first ancient cultures to use solar energy as heating were those from the deserts, and dry areas." In Egypt, Libya, and Algeria, where the sun is fiery hot in the day, but reaches freezing temperatures at night, builders discovered that thick walls of mud could solve this problem. During the day, they would absorb all the sun's energy and leave it cool as a cave inside, and at night, the walls would radiate their stored heat, and keep it fairly warm inside. These ancient people also discovered how to use the sun's energy to preserve food by either drying fruits or meats in the sun, or baking them. They found techniques to bleach cloth and cure animal hides. Whether by accident, or deliberate experimentation, these ancient cultures discovered that the sun was an incredible source of power (Bower 36). Throughout history people have experimented with the many uses of the sun's power. In the 17th century, scientists in Europe began rediscovering the sun. When a French scie... ...ar energy would be a more realistic option. Does every house need two computers, 3 TV's, a dishwasher, microwave, electric stove, video games, 3 stereos, nightlights in every hall, porch lights left on all night, lights on in every room in the house, blow dryers, toasters, electric heaters, air conditioners, electric gates and garage openers... the list goes on and on. One of the major problems that I see in our western culture is our obsession that we must each have our own. No one is willing to share anything, because it might be inconvenient. All we can think of is ourselves, no thought for future generations or the environment. We need to get a reality check. There is not enough materials or energy left in the world for this to continue to go on. Solar energy is a serious option that we should all be considering. We need to learn to act as a community, not only as individuals. I don't know what the future holds, but I can't see this working much longer. Change will have to oc cur soon, or we will exhaust all our resources and chances of life on earth.

American Off-Shore Drilling: Crisis or Fortune Essay

Living within a country that thrives off of technology creates an infinite demand for power. From the extensive automobile power structure to the agricultural industry that America is reliant on, oil and natural gas are specifically necessary to make this part of the â€Å"go ‘round†. Within the gulfs, seas, and oceans that surround the United States of America lies illimitable amounts of natural oils, which are nestled in the crust of the earth. Over the years, the retrieval, refining and use of this natural resource has been controversial for a mass variety of reasons, both sides presenting substantial reasoning as to the pros and cons to off-shore oil and natural gas drilling. Each American must determine their opinion once reviewing both sides of this issue. What cost is America willing to pay to grow in power at the world’s expense, or what amount of power is America willing to do without in order save the earth? Off shore drilling is too vital to America’s economy to be done away with and due to advances in technology, it has become safer for both the environment and its inhabitants, more reliable, pragmatic, and affordable to both the manufacturers and consumers. Oil and natural gas companies such as Chevron, BP, and PennEnergy support the lives of millions upon billions of people through the natural gas and oil they drill from below the water of the oceans surrounding America. These companies are essential to let America be self-reliant in terms of power. As stated by Gingrich, the U. S. spends $700 billion dollars each year on foreign oil imports. (148) The United States are more than capable to support themselves through the amount of natural resources available within it’s territory. â€Å"America is suffering from an artificial energy crisis that is also a dangerous national security crisis- artificial, because America is gifted with enormous reserves of energy; dangerous, because it makes us vulnerable to unreliable and potentially hostile countries. † (Gingrich, XI) Statistics show that there is an estimated 18. 2 billion barrels of oil and 85. 7 trillion cubic feet of natural gas that could safely extracted from US area. (Gingrich, 139) The resources are readily available and by keeping commerce within national borders, a country will continue to support its economy. Becoming dependent on other countries for items that are readily available within the borders is a complete waste. The United States government has put an extremely severe lock on more than eighty percent of all available area to conduct off shore drilling within the federal borders. Gingrich, 14) With rising prices, off shore drilling would be an intuitive choice on congress’ part that would create more job opportunities, more products available to export, and certainly more stability in the energy crisis. The Scotsman newspaper published a statement that said that the off shore drilling industry would supplement â€Å"enormous opportunities† worldwide. With advances in technology, â€Å"Subsea processing, separating, compressing, and pumping are on the leading edge of offshore production technology, especially for deep and ultra deepwater and also harsh environments. (Kliewer, 1) The last major oil spill to occur within the Gulf of Mexico was in 1980. It is also fact that ninety-five percent of the oil that is found within the gulf is not caused by human activity at all. Being that oil is a natural resource and readily available right below the surface, the majority of all oil comes naturally from the earth’s crust on its own. (Gingrich, 99) From the late twentieth century to today, companies have made it a personal goal to make their business as environmentally safe as possible, which benefits all parties involved. There are still continuous efforts to perfect this industry. Oil and natural gas companies believe that the use of technology and innovation and incentives will make it unnecessary to raise taxes to clean up the environment. (Gingrich, 145) These companies want to work with conservationists and environmentalists to properly balance the extraction of natural resources with the wellbeing of the environment. This mindset portrays how maturely, sagaciously, and efficiently the oil and natural gas companies wish to continue their business. Conservationists and environmentalists believe that offshore drilling is nothing but detrimental to the natural occurrence of earth. Offshore oil drills are immutably harmful to both the flora and fauna of the sea, land, and air from a conservationist’s point of view. Within the northern most division of the United States, Alaska, polar bears are at serious risk that could lead to extinction if and when an oil spill was to occur. â€Å"†¦Oil covered polar bears have little chance to survive spills, because the oil the bears ingest while trying to clean themselves could cause death. † (Polar†¦) Deep offshore drilling projects have been said to lead to the emission of lethal gasses. Drilling in water depths greater than 500 feet releases methane, a greenhouse gas at least twenty times more potent than carbon dioxide in its contribution to global warming. † (Juhaz, 311) When a company goes into an area to drill for oil they must first evaluate the area with sonar machines to determine if there is any amount of oil to be obtained. â€Å"Seismic survey devices and military sonars have been implicated in numerous whale beaching and stranding incidents, including a mass stranding of sixteen whales in the Bahamas in December 2001. (Juhaz, 313) Marine animals and fish have much more sensitive hearing than humans and therefore the sonar machines can damage their ability to attract mates and fend against predators. Environmentalists also scrutinize oil companies for the number of injuries that employees suffer while working on offshore oil rigs. The HSE inspects all oil rigs throughout the gulf. Within the past few years, the number of injuries has dropped a considerable amount. It is believed though, that the only reason these numbers were lower is due to the fact that a smaller number of actual injuries were reported. Low†¦) Seaside communities can also feel the negative effects of oil spills. These communities have no choice in what washes up on their shores, where the majority of their popularity can come from. If an oil spill were to occur, it is not a guarantee that they would receive any compensation for the damages. Costal tourist communities would especially suffer. â€Å"‘If there’s one spill or one disaster, you could destroy us for a very long time. ’† (Juhaz, 314) Not only would their homes and communities be affected, but also their livelihood. Offshore oil and gas companies have exemplary motives, standards, and hopes for their business. Environmentalists constantly attack these companies with verbose denunciation that is often not valid. For instance, Juhasz wrote in his book The Tyranny of Oil that somewhere between 1,500 and 2,000 tons of waste material is released into the water annually. This is misleading and obscure considering that the â€Å"waste material† consists of rock, mud, and minerals, all of which are overly abundant in the oceans without any human interference. 312) Many environmentalists also choose to ignore the fact that oil rigs have become essential and permanent habitats for marine life. â€Å"†¦A growing debate is emerging between those who wish to see the rigs disappear entirely and the ones who believe that doing so would destroy an important habitat. † (Rothbach) Even non-intentionally, the owners of oil rigs are benefitting the environment in which they conduct business. It is very possible that they are doing more good than harm to the fish and plants that they first intruded upon. It seems that environmentalists can be somewhat hypocritical in their attempt to extol their platform. It is clear that environmentalists will fight against offshore drilling no matter what strides are made or facts are presented. The key is working to make a situation that benefits the consumers, companies, communities, and of course the environment. This is a very difficult task at hand but manageable. As mentioned before, oil and gas companies are making noticeable strides in â€Å"going green† to benefit the environment. â€Å"Through creative decision making, solutions can be present themselves in a way that all parties will find reasonable, even if not ideal. (Rothbach) In order to prevent the dispersing of dangerous drilling fluids, companies are working to develop a water based, high alkaline solution of silica-based solutions called silanes. (Nowak) Companies are also working to â€Å"set tight standards on carbon dioxide emissions, it will drive more fuel efficient vehicles, which will in effect reduce our dependence on foreign oil. † (Martin) Also, â€Å"subsea facilities are viewed as a path to bring production to market faster while extending life in the field. † (Kliewer) The country of America is most definitely reliant on energy. With each household having an average of two cars each, fuel is a considerable necessity. (Marlin) Environmentalists try to belittle the need for power that America has. This cannot be done. Power is a need that should be on the top of the list to be addressed. The process of which to obtain it is something that should be done with the environment in mind. With the steps already being taken to create an ideal balance, success is visible on the horizon. With advances in technology it is more than possible for the oil industry to be clean, efficient, and environmentally friendly. â€Å"America could rival-even exceed- the world’s biggest energy powerhouses. † (Gingrich, 39) The offshore oil industry is a gold mine just waiting to be taken advantage of. America has just scratched the surface of its potential below its oceans and seas. Considering the fact, that the advances in safety and efficiency have recently been perfected, the timing is perfect to really dive into the fortune that will take America to the top of the power chain in the world.

Analysing Chemical Reactions in Combining Two Particles Essays

Analysing Chemical Reactions in Combining Two Particles Essays Analysing Chemical Reactions in Combining Two Particles Essay Analysing Chemical Reactions in Combining Two Particles Essay Introduction The procedure of fall ining two atoms ( reactants ) , in order to organize new product/products is called a reaction. The gait of a specific thing can be measured utilizing the rate i.e. , it describes how slow or fast a thing is. Rate is a measuring of the alteration that occurs in individual unit of clip, and its appropriate measurings are seconds, proceedingss, hours or even yearss. The gait with which the reactants react, is termed as the rate of the chemical reaction. Normally, for happening the rate of a reaction, either the sum of reactant used per unit of clip or the sum of merchandise produced per unit of clip should be calculated. During the procedure of reaction, the rate does non stay changeless and it varies throughout the procedure. It is higher in the initial phases and it gets reduced as the reactions advancements. In my position, the longer the procedure of reaction, the higher the reactions from the more reactants, Ieaving the fewer reactants with less opportunity o f responding My probe chiefly deals with a factor, which affects the rate of the reaction. The hit theory explains the rate of reaction. The cardinal thought behind this theory is that the hit among the atoms has to be difficult plenty for the reaction to take topographic point. The rate of reaction chiefly depends on how difficult the reacting atoms collide with each other. Collision theory When two chemicals react, their molecules have to clash with each other with sufficient energy for the reaction to take topographic point. This can be termed as the Collision Theory . The two molecules will respond merely if they have sufficient energy. Heating the mixture, will promote the energy degrees of the molecules involved in the reaction. Rising temperature denotes the faster motion of the molecules. This is termed as the Kinetic theory . Factors which affects the rate of reaction A accelerator changes the rate of a chemical reaction but it remains chemically unchanged throughout the procedure. It speeds up the chemical reactions. A accelerator plant by supplying the responding atoms a surface to lodge on, from where they can knock into each other. This increases the figure of successful hits. Merely really infinitesimal measures of the accelerator are required to bring forth a dramatic alteration in the rate of the reaction. This is true as the reaction returns in a different tract in the presence of a accelerator. An excess accelerator will perfectly do no difference. We could besides alter the size of the solid particle/surface country to increase hits by interrupting it into smaller pieces. This implies the atoms around it, in the solution will hold more country to work on so, there will be more utile hits. This produces a quicker reaction. If one of the reactants is a solid, the surface country of the solid will impact how fast the reaction goes. This is because the two types of molecule can merely knock into each other at the liquid solid interface, i.e. on the surface of the solid. So, the larger the surface country of the solid, the faster the reaction will be. Smaller atoms have a bigger surface country than larger atom for the same mass of solid. For case, masticating the nutrient increases the surface country and quickens the digestion. The concentration or force per unit area increases the figure of hits because if the solution is more concentrated, it implies there are more atoms of reactants strike harding between the H2O molecules, which make hits between the important atoms more likely. For gases, by increasing the force per unit area, you squeeze the molecules together and this will heighten the frequence of hits between them. This is besides described as the Collision Theory . Activation energy is the sum of energy required for the reactants to successfully respond. The reactants need a certain sum of energy, and any addition in excess energy, consequences in the successful hit. My Experiment I have chosen to look into, how the concentration of reactants affect the rate of reaction because it would be easier to mensurate and command the concentration variable. Temperature would hold been harder to command because it is difficult to mensurate it to a specific point and maintain it at that temperature because it s easy affected by the environment. Surface country would hold been harder to look into because the french friess were in varied sizes and forms. This made the measuring of the surface country hard, although if they were in a precise forms or sizes like regular hexahedrons, this would hold been possible. I found it difficult to believe of a suited accelerator to add in this reaction so, altering the rate of reaction by adding a accelerator would hold been hard for me. It was far easier to look into how concentration affects the rate of reaction. I will transport out this experiment by changing the concentration of hydrochloric acid added to a given sum of powdered m arble bit and mensurate the clip it takes to give off a certain sum of gas. The equation for this reaction is: CaCO3 ( s ) + 2HCl ( aq ) == gt ; CaCl2 ( aq ) + H2O ( cubic decimeter ) + CO2 ( g ) Apparatus Gas syringe Burette Conic flask Glass Delivery tubing Beaker Funnels Distilled H2O Top Pan Balance Stopwatch Hydrochloric Acid ( 1 Mole ) Land Marble french friess Thermometer Clamp Bung Prediction My hypothesis describes, the higher the concentration of hydrochloric acid, the faster the C dioxide will be given off. This is because as the concentration of the acid is increased, there are a greater figure of H+ ions ( produced by the acid ) in the same volume. Hence, there is a greater opportunity of the H+ ions clashing and hence responding with the atoms on the surface of the marble french friess. Here are some diagrams explicating this phenomenon: In the first diagram, there are a comparatively little figure of atoms and hence the opportunity that they collide will be reasonably low. They will clash less often. In the 2nd diagram, there are approximately twice every bit many atoms in the same volume. Therefore, the atoms will clash a batch more frequently. I besides predict that the gradient of the graph when I compare al the consequences will be a curve, get downing low, and so immersing really high at the terminal: Method Clamp gas syringe degree with a conelike flask and spile on a tabular array Weigh 6g of land marble french friess utilizing a top pan balance and topographic point it inside the conelike flask Use a burette to mensurate the volume of HCL and another to mensurate the volume of H2O. Decrease the measure by 10 % each clip ( 200ml of reactants ) Place both in a beaker, so pour it into the conelike flack catcher Ask a spouse to get down the halt ticker while you put the spile in topographic point Record how long it takes for the volume of gas to make 50ml Repeat experiment 3 times Calculate the norm it takes for the volume of gas to make 50ml Plot a graph to demo this To maintain my probe consistent and do certain there are no other factors, which could impact the rate of reaction, I will be utilizing the same equipments and same sum of grounded marble french friess in each experiment. I will utilize land marble french friess because it would give me a more accurate consequence than marble french friess. This is because, the surface country of the marble french friess would approximately be about the same where as larger pieces of marble french friess would hold different sum of surface country. This would impact the rate of reaction because there will be different sum of surface country for the reactants to work on. By doing the surface country approximately the same, the rate of reaction wo nt be affected by it. From my preliminary consequences, I conclude I would utilize 3g of marble french friess because after each reaction, there were some residuary marble french friess. If there was a deficit of marble french friess and the hydrochloric acid was nt used up, the volume of gas would nt be able to make 50ml so, in order to accomplish this, we need to mensurate the sum of marble french friess to be able to compare the consequences. We besides need to mensurate the sum of marble french friess to do the consequences more accurate. The measure of marble french friess would increase the rate of reaction because there would be more marble french friess to clash with the acid. To do the experiment less affected by other variables and do the consequences more precise, the measure on marble french friess demands to be consistent. I will utilize a top pan balance for mensurating the marble french friess because it measures to the nearest 0.01g. It will be more accurate than mensurating the marble french friess by the figure of spatulas I ve put in because the consequences would change. I will utilize a burette to mensurate the measure of hydrochloric acid and H2O because it would be more precise than utilizing a measurement cylinde r. This is because a burette measures to the nearest 0.1ml, where as a normal measurement cylinder merely measures to the nearest milliliter. This would do the consequences more accurate. I will utilize a gas syringe to mensurate the volume of gas because it is easier and more accurate than utilizing a H2O trough. This is because a H2O trough might allow some gases escape and it s difficult to command the volume of H2O inside the mensurating cylinder. This will do the consequences less accurate. Using a gas syringe will allow the gas flow more easy and will non allow any gases flight. I will clamp the gas syringe so it s non tilted and is flat with the conelike flask. This manner, the gas syringe will be less affected by gravitation and the gas will flux at a steady rate. If it was non in topographic point, gravitation would draw the terminal down so the timing it takes for the volume of gas to make 50ml would be altered and the consequences would non be right. I will take aid from person to assist me add the solution of acid and H2O into the conelike flask with the marble french friess, while I place the cork into the conelike flask. This is because I can get down the halt ticker when the reaction starts quicker. If I were to make this alone, by the clip I placed the solution and so get down the halt ticker, some of the reaction would hold already started so the clip it takes for the gas to make 50ml would be wrong. I will maintain the temperature the same each clip because it has a important consequence on the rate of reaction. To do certain temperature does non impact the probe, I will utilize a thermometer to mensurate the temperature of the acid and H2O because it will be the quickest. I have chosen the temperature of the acid and H2O to be 22 A ; deg ; because it was the temperature of the room at that clip and the temperature is less likely to alter this manner. If the solution it higher or lower than this temperature, we will put the beaker of H2O and acid into a larger container of hot or cold H2O to convey the temperature to 22 A ; deg ; . This will be easier than utilizing a Bunsen burner because that would alter the temperature excessively dramatically. From my preliminary consequences, I found mensurating the clip it takes for the gas to make 50ml would be best. This is because every reaction reached 50ml with the different per centum of concentration used. Using measurings below 50ml would be harder because the clip it takes to make it will be excessively speedy so, I will non be able to halt the stop watch exactly on clip. This would do the consequences more likely to be wrong. I will reiterate this experiment thrice in order to acquire accurate consequences. This is because we can compare our consequences with two others and do an norm. It will besides do it easier to descry any outliers. I have chosen to alter the concentration of acid by 20ml each clip because when I tried to alter by 10ml, the clip it took for the gas to make 50ml was excessively long. From preliminary consequences, I found that by doing the solution 100ml besides takes excessively long or the reaction to happen, so now I will do the solution 200ml. Now, the fury of consequences will be less and will be easier to compare. Safety I will be utilizing acerb, so at all times I must be really careful and MUST wear goggles. If any spills onto the tegument, it should be washed off instantly. Other Methods I could hold carried out this experiment in different ways. First I could respond the marble french friess with hydrochloric acid and utilizing a top pan balance, and step the weight of the reactants at the beginning of the reaction and step the weight at the terminal of the reaction for a certain period of clip and detect the measure of gas given off utilizing different concentration of acid. The method is acceptable for reactions bring forthing C dioxide or O, but non really accurate for reactions giving H ( excessively low a mass loss for truth ) . The reaction rate is expressed as the rate of loss in mass from the flask in e.g. g/min based on the initial gradient Second, I could hold used Sodium Thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid and see how the concentration of acid affected the clip taken for the reactants to bring forth a cloudy precipitate. The experiment involves watching a black grade disappear through the cloudy sulfur and clocking how long it takes to vanish. How the concentration of acid is measured The unit for concentration is moles per decimeter cubed or mol/dm? . One dm? is one liter so in other words it is how many moles per liter. A mole is 6.023 ten 1023 atoms and is called the Avogadro invariable. It is the figure of atoms which are found in a mass of 12 gms of carbons: How many moles of atoms would at that place be in 7 gms of N? The reply would be mass divided by the R.A.M. or 7 divided by 14 which is 0.5 moles. Table demoing how to thin hydrochloric acid to the desired concentration Concentration of acid ( M ) Amount of 2M acid ( milliliter ) Sum of H2O ( milliliter ) 0 0 200 0.1 10 190 0.2 20 180 0.3 30 170 0.4 40 160 0.5 50 150 0.6 60 140 0.7 70 130 0.8 80 120 0.9 90 110 1.0 100 100 Consequences By and large, the graph shows the higher the concentration of acid, the less clip it takes for gas to give off, which means, the faster it reacts. I drew a line of best tantrum which in fact proved to get down reasonably directly but so swerve upwards. The gradient of the lines starts increasing easy, so curves really steep. From 200ml-60ml of hydrochloric acid, the clip increases from 1.13s-10.63. The clip span additions by 9.5seconds. The mean rate of reaction increased here by -5.2ml/s. From 60ml-20ml of hydrochloric acid, the clip soared from 10.63s- 379.89. The clip increased by 369.26s. The clip increased by -123ml/s. Overall, the mean rate of reaction was rate of reaction decreased by 37.9ml/s. The ground why the line of best fit curves at the terminal is due to the fact that with the lower concentrations, as the HCl is used by responding with the marble french friess, the sum of H+ lessenings and hence it is less likely that the H+ ion collide with the marble french friess. T his explains why the line is so much flatter at the beginning compared to with higher concentrations. If a batch larger measures were used in the experiment, so we could hold got over this job and the curve would non demo up. The ground why the rate of reaction additions with the concentration is because when the concentration of the acid is increased, there are a greater figure of H+ ( aq ) ions in the same volume and hence there is a greater opportunity of the H+ ( aq ) colliding and hence responding with the atoms on the surface of the marble french friess. All the points on my graph are reasonably near to the line of best tantrum and there are no anomalousnesss, which in bend mean that my consequences are reasonably accurate. Evaluation: To measure, I am traveling to measure how good I carried out my probe and whether any betterments are necessary. My method was reasonably accurate. However, the fact that I used an linear thermometer to mensurate the temperature of the hydrochloric acid in my method besides means that I could hold made an mistake in mensurating the right temperature and it may hold been better to utilize a digital thermometer. Additionally, I could hold heated the H2O in a hot H2O bath to do certain that the H2O was at the right temperature. One major defect in the method I was utilizing included the remotion and application of the cork on to the conelike flask incorporating the reaction. When I started the reaction by adding the Ca carbonate french friess into the hydrochloric acid, I had to set the cork on consecutive off. However, this is non physically possible and it is inevitable that there will hold been some clip lost and even more significantly some gas would hold escaped before I would hold put the cork on. To work around this job, I could divide the marble french friess from the hydrochloric acid even in the conelike flask by infixing a division between the two reactants. This will let me the clip to set the cork on and so I can take the divider. One more job with my method is the clip when I am supposed to take a reading. When I said to my spouse when to halt, she might hold stopped after 50ml gas was given off. To do it more precise, informations logging equipment could hold been used, which would hold carried the same undertaking out automatically. However, I do believe that my experiment was conducted really good, as I had taken all the safety safeguards ( wore goggles, cleared the country etc. ) and checked all of my equipment prior to transporting it out. After each clip I had completed the method, I washed the needed equipment exhaustively to guarantee that no extra Ca carbonate was left over for the following clip I carried out the method. My consequences are besides dependable because I have got adequate points ( 10 ) to set on my graphs that I can pull a steadfast decision from ) . Yet, I still obtained some anomalous consequences. I found a few anomalousnesss in my consequences, which are circled on my graphs on the old pages. I believe these may hold occurred due to a little job with the gas syringe, where the syringe may hold been a spot stuck and therefore resulted in a slower reaction clip for when the gas is collected. Another ground for the anomalous points could include me taking wrong readings, where the syringe may hold been traveling excessively fast and to the bare oculus, the reading may look different to what it really is. I believe, to make a fairer and overall more dependable experiment, utilizing the experiment where you mark a black cross under a conelike flask and delay for precipitation to organize and do the cross disappear would be a more appropriate technique. Besides, I could mensurate the velocity of this reac tion by utilizing a light gate to observe the precipitate formation. The system consists of a light beam emitter and detector connected to computing machine and the reaction vas is placed between the emitter and detector. The light reading falls as the sulfur precipitate signifiers. This would be more accurate because it would diminish human mistake compared with the experiment I carried.